Word for
Word | Paraphrasing
Example 1 of 5
A paraphrased example must be cited. You
cite a paraphrased example as you would a word-for-word quote.
Paraphrasing is a condensed version of another author's work, or
putting the author's words into your own words.
Read the example carefully!
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Original
Source Material: Developing complex skills in the classroom
involves the key ingredients identified in teaching pigeons to
play ping-pong and to bowl. The key ingredients are: (1)
inducing a response, (2) reinforcing subtle improvements or
refinements in the behavior, (3) providing for the transfer of
stimulus control by gradually withdrawing the prompts or cues,
and (4) scheduling reinforcements so that the ratio of
reinforcements in responses gradually increases and natural
reinforcers can maintain their behavior. |
Source:
Gredler, M. E. (2001). Learning and instruction: Theory
into practice (4th ed.). Upper Saddle, NJ: Prentice-Hall. |
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Plagiarized
Version |
Correct
Version |
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Inducing a
response, providing for the transfer of stimulus control by
gradually withdrawing prompts or cues, reinforcing subtle
improvements in the behavior, and scheduling reinforcements so
that natural reinforcers can maintain their behavior are the key
ingredients identified both in teaching pigeons to play
ping-pong and in developing complex skills in the classroom.
References: Gredler, M. E. (2001). Learning and instruction:
Theory into practice (4th ed.). Upper Saddle, NJ:
Prentice-Hall. |
According to
Gredler (2001), the same factors apply to developing complex
skills in a classroom setting as to developing complex skills in
any setting. A response must be induced, then reinforced as it
gets closer to the desired behavior. Reinforcers have to be
scheduled carefully, and cues have to be withdrawn gradually so
that the new behaviors can be transferred and maintained.
References: Gredler, M. E. (2001). Learning and instruction:
Theory into practice (4th ed.). Upper Saddle, NJ:
Prentice-Hall. |
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Explanation: This example has been plagiarized. The student
has only moved the original author's words around, inserting and
deleting small portions as needed. The student has not used
quotation marks for the portions that are still identical to the
original, and has not credited the original author. |
Explanation: This example has been paraphrased and is not
considered plagiarized. The author was cited at the end of the
passage as well as in the bibliographic section. Since
paraphrasing occurred, quotation marks are not used. Nothing
was directly quoted. |
Examples
1 | 2 |
3 | 4 |
5
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